sawyer



(No Model.) 4 sheets shet 1.

0. A. SAWYER & M. M. LAHUE.

LOOM.

' Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

0. A. SAWYER & M. M. LAHUE.

LOOM.

Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

0. A. SAWYER 8c M. M. LAHUE.

LOOM.

No. 440,833. Patented'Nov. 18, 1890.

WW %%E;5 Am ewdtcws the loom.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ORREN A. SAVYER AND MOSES M. LAHUEJOF LONVELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 440,833, dated November18, 1890.

Application filed May 23, 1890.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, ORREN A. SAWYER and MOSES M. LAHUE, of Lowell, inthe county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a newand useful Improvement in Looms, of which the following is aspecification.

Our improvement relates to looms for weaving; and it consists in certainnew and useful constructions and combinations relating to the take-upmechanism of the same,substantially as hereinafter described andclaimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a loomhaving ourinvention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail Viewof a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a top plan viewof the parts shown in Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are side views of thetake-up, ratchet and pawl, and easing detached fromthe loom. Fig. 6 is atop plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side view of thehinged lid detached from the casing. Fig. 8 is an edge view of the same.Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a part of the opposite side of the loomshown in Fig. 1, showing the connection of the shipper-rod with thedriving-belt. Fig. 10 is a top plan View of the'same. Fig. 11 is an endelevation of the same.

A is the frame of the loom. The warpbeam 1 is arranged with the usualtension appliances, which are omitted for the sake of clearness ofillustration. The line of the warp leading from the warp-beam is shownby the dotted line 2. It leads over the roller 3 and thence through thereed of the lay, where it is woven to the breast-beam, and thence passesdownward around the usual take-up rollers. (Shown in dottedlines, Fig.2.) The lay 4 is shown; but the reed has been omitted, as well as thepicker-staffs, heddles, &c., these forming no part of our invention.

The lay of the loom is driven through the pulley 5 on the crank-shaft 6by cranks andthe links 7. The belt 8 of pulley 5 is shipped onto theloose pulley 9, Figs. 9 and 10, to stop On the main shaft 6 an eccentriccam 10 is attached to the end projecting beyondthe frame of the loom onthe side shown in Fig. 1. The pawl-bar 11 is connected to this eccentricat one end by a strap 12 surrounding the latter. At the other end theSerial No. 362,872. (No model.)

pawl-bar carries the pawl 18, which operates the ratchet-wheel 14c.(Shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and detached in Fig. 4.) This ratchetwheel is mounted on the shaft 15,and the latter is geared to the take-upof the loom in the usual way by the gears 46 on the shaft 15 and thegears 50 and 51 on the take-up rollers. The pawl-bar 11 is bifurcatedthrough a portion of its length to receive the ratchetwheel, as showninFig. An auxiliary holding-pawl 16 is pivoted on the stud 57 and engageswith the ratchet-wheel 14 to keep it from turning backward while thepawl 13 is moving in the direction to take up another notch in theratehetwheel on its next forward movement. The pawls l3 and 16 have theusual handles 13 and 16, respectively, to them, for lifting them out ofengagement with the ratchet-wheel 14; On the opposite side of the loom,Figs. 9, 10, and 11, is located the shipper 17, which throws the belt 8'off of the pulley 5 onto the loose pulley 9., This shipper is pivoted toa stud on the frame at 18 and is thrown over by the spring 19, and itcarries the rod 20, rigidly attached to it, which embraces the belt atits outer end and moves it over with the shipper. The strap 21 issecured to the frame and embraces the upper end of the shipper-bar 17.This strap is formed with an offset or recess in it just opposite thepulley 5, into which the bar can be seated, bringing the rod 20 and beltonto the tight pulley 5. The pivot 18 of the shipperbar has a slightplay, which permits this, and the tension of the spring 19 holds the barin the recess. If the bar be pressed sidewise out of the recess,however, the spring will throw it into the outer part of the recess inthe strap 21 and ship the belt onto the loose pulley.

All of the above parts of the loom are of the usual and well-knownconstruction, and will be understood without further description.

In running the loom the quality of the cloth is largely regulated by thespeed of the take up in proportion to that of the lay, and the speed ofthe take-up is controlled by the number of notches of the ratchet-wheel14. which the pawl 13 draws forward at each reciprocation of thepawl-bar 11'. This gives the number of picks to the inch of cloth. It isfound, however, that an operator can turn ICO standing still.

the wheel 14 by hand when the loom is running andmove the take-upfaster, and that the continuous operation of the loom while this isbeing done so distributes the weft that it makes that part of the clothappear even unless the picks are counted or the cloth is held up againstthe light. This renders the movement by hand of the ratchet-wheel 14 bythe workman difticult of detection, and he is thus enabled to get creditand pay for weaving as much more cloth at the end of the week as he hasillegitimately increased the speed of wheel 14. If he should attempt tomove the wheel 14 out of its proper place when the loom is standingstill, there will be a thin place left in the cloth, which can be atonce seen, because when the loom starts up again it will not distributethe weft over such thin place as it would if the loom had been runningwhen the wheel was turned. It is, therefore, practically impossible tochange the normal rate of take-up except when the loom is running.

In the operation of the loom in weaving it becomes necessary to havefree access to wheel 14 to arrange and adjust the weaving by moving thetake-up back and forth; but this necessity only exists when the loom isAny ordinary casing or covering over of the wheel 14 would preventinterference with the take-up when the loom is running; but it wouldalso prevent the necessary manipulation of the take-up by the wheel 14when the loom is standing still, and this disadvantage has prevented anysuccessful safeguard being adopted against interference with wheel 14when the loom is in operation. Our present improvement is intended tomeet this difliculty. It consists of a casing for wheel 14 and pawl 13,with a lid or cover which can easily be opened by the operator to obtainaccess to the wheel; but the act of opening it stops the loom. Thecasing 30 is attached to the loom-frame by abolt at 31 and fits underthe lower part of ratchet-wheel 14 and up around its shaft-box on theback side and over the larger part of its front face. This casing allowsthe pawl-bar 11 to drop to place in it after it is applied. On top ofthe casing is attached the fixed cap 32, which has aspur part 33, Fig.6,projecting horizontally inward, shaped to fill the space between thepawls 13 and 16 over the wheel 14, and has a top part 34, carrying thecars 35. This cap 32 is attached to the casing 30 by the screws 36 36,and it may be removed at any time by unscrewing them. The cover 37 isattached to the ears 35 of the cap by a rod running through itscorresponding ears 38 39. It is made of proper shape to complete thecasing of ratchet-wheel14 when resting down against the casing 30, andmay be readily turned upward on its pivot to give access to that side ofthe ratchet-wheel. The ear 39 is, however, extended upward in the formof a finger, and has a shelf 40, Fig. 8, projecting outward from itunderneath the handle in position to engage with the shipper-bar 17 andthrow it out of its recess in strap 21 when the rod 42 is turned. Thisallows the spring 19 to throw over the shipper-bar and shift the belt 8onto the loose pulley, which stops the loom. The operator can thenmanipulate the ratchet-wheel 14 as he may desire until the loom isstarted again; but after that he can get no access to the wheel withoutstopping the loom, as before described.

It is obvious that the form of the shaft and lever-connections betweenthe cover 37 and the shipper-bar 17 may be somewhat modified withoutdeparting from the spirit of our invention.

What we claim as new and of our invention is 1. The combination, in aloom, of the pawlwheel 14, arranged to operate the take-up mechanism,the pawl-bar 11, connected to the driving-shaft and provided with thepawl 13, arranged to operate the wheel, and a casing surrounding saidwheel and provided with a cover arranged to lift the pawl out ofengagement with the wheel when raised to obtain access to the latter,substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a loom, of the pawlwheel 14, arranged to operatethe take-up mechanism, the pawl-bar 11, connected to the driving-shaftand provided with the pawl 13, arranged to operate the wheel, a casingsurrounding said wheel and provided with a cover arranged to be liftedto obtain access to the wheel, and suitable shaft and lever mechanismconnecting the shipper-bar of the loom with said cover, arranged to shipthe bar and stop the loom when the cover is lifted, substantially asdescribed.

The combination, in a loom, of the pawlwheel 14,arranged to operate thetake-up mechanism, the pawl-bar 11, con nected to the driving-shaft andprovided with the pawl 13, ar-

ranged to operate the wheel, a casing surrounding said wheel andprovided with a cover arranged to be lifted to obtain access to thewheel, a projection on the cover extending under thepawl-bar, andsuitable shaft and lever mechanism connecting the shipper-bar of theloom with said cover, all arranged to both lift the pawl-bar and shipthe shipperbar and stop theloom when the cover is lifted, substantiallyas described.

ORREN A. SAWYER. MOSES M. LAI'IUE. Witnesses:

GEORGE W. PooRn, HARRY A. BROWN.

